This project is a standalone Automation of unmanned railway gate control system using AT89S52 microcontroller. Use of embedded technology makes this closed loop feedback control system efficient and reliable. Microcontroller allows dynamic and faster control. AT89S52 micro controller is the heart of the circuit as it controls all the functions.
The
main aim of this project is to automize the unmanned railway gate i.e. the gate
is closed automatically whenever the train comes and is opened after the train
leaves the railway-road crossing. Using this project, the arrival of the train
can be identified in either direction. For this purpose, two IR transmitter and
receiver pairs are used in this project. LCD is provided to display the information
about the arrival and departure of the train.
One
IR TX-RX pair is placed at one end of the railway gate. The second pair is
placed at another end of the gate. In each pair, the TX and RX are arranged
face to face across the railway track i.e., TX is situated at one side of the
track and RX is placed at another side of the track since the RX should
continuously get the signal from the transmitter.
Whenever
any train is coming on the track, the IR signal will be disturbed due to the
interruption of the train. Thus the microcontroller identifies the arrival of
the train. Before closing the gate, the microcontroller activates the siren to
alert the people who are on the track. After 30 sec, the controller closes the
gate by rotating the stepper motor.
The
microcontroller should know whether the train left the crossing or not to open
the gate. For this purpose, the second IR pair is used. This IR pair identifies
the train since the IR signal is interrupted when the train comes in between
the TX and RX. The micro controller will wait for the last compartment to leave
the IR pair and after leaving, the receiver again gets IR signal. Till this
time the gate is closed. Now, after the train had left the crossing, the
microcontroller will open the gate by rotating the stepper motor.
This
project is more useful and there is no chance for accidents since time delays
or length of the train is not calculated. Just the IR pairs will detect the
arrival and departure of the train.
SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE TOOLS:
Software Tools:
- Keil compiler
- Orcad.
Hardware Tools:
- Microcontroller AT89S52.
- IR sensors
- ULN driver and stepper motor
- LCD