In
industries, there will be various loads to be operated and these loads are to
be operated at some specific intervals according to our requirements and also
based on the device’s constraints. For these purposes, a person should be
employed to monitor the status of the loads. But there may be chances that the
person may forget to operate these loads. And also it is not an easy task for a
person to operate these loads manually as these loads run with high currents
and high power consumption. This project gives the best solution for electrical
power wastage. Also the manual operation is completely eliminated. This project
does this application using wireless concept. The wireless technique used here
is the Zigbee Technology.
Zigbee
is a specification for a suite of high level communication protocols using
small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4-2003 standard for wireless
personal area networks (WPANs), such as wireless headphones connecting with
cell phones via short-range radio. The technology defined by the Zigbee
specification is intended to be simpler and less expensive than other WPANs,
such as Bluetooth. Zigbee is targeted at radio frequency (RF) applications that
require a low data rate, long battery life, and secure networking.
The
loads like lights, motors, heaters, power controlling system and also current
through the loads can be controlled in this project. We can control all loads
at a time from one place without connecting any physical wire between loads and
control room.
Push-to-on
switches are provided to switch on/off different electrical loads and to vary
the speed level of the fan or a motor. These switches are interfaced to the Zigbee
module. This module continuously reads the status of the switches and transmits
the data.
At
the receiving end, the Zigbee receiver receives this data and presents it to
the microcontroller. Now, it is the job of the controller to read the data and
perform the corresponding action i.e., switch on/off corresponding load or vary
the speed according to the user requirement.
Since AC loads
are also controlled in this project and the microcontroller cannot handle AC
loads, TRIAC is used to control the AC loads. The speed of AC motor can be
varied rapidly on and off by TRIAC. The main advantage of using a TRIAC to vary
the speed of an AC motor is the TRIAC reduces the energy flow to the motor and
TRIAC works very well for alternating currents.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Transmitter Section
Receiver Section
